To understand constipation, it helps to know how the lower part of the gut (colon, large bowel) works. As food moves through it, the colon absorbs water while forming waste products. The waste products are the ‘stool’ (faeces).
Muscle contractions in the colon push the stool towards the rectum, which is the last section of the bowel before the anus (back passage). By the time the stool reaches the rectum, it is almost solid because most of the water has been absorbed.
Constipation is a very common problem in infants and children and is frequently seen by both pediatricians and family doctors. Most of the time, reassurance, dietary changes, and laxatives are effective treatment for both the patient and family.
Constipation can occur at any age and the evaluation and treatment may be different depending on the child's age.
The newborn infant should have his/her first stool within the first 24 hours after birth. Failure to pass stool by 48 hours of life may signify a more serious condition such as Hirschsprung's disease; meconium ileus due to cystic fibrosis, or hypothyroidism and further evaluation of the infant is needed.


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