Diabetes or Diabetes Mellitus is a condition wherein a person’s body is unable to regulate the glucose level in blood. These glucose levels are controlled by a hormone called insulin. The disturbances in the level of insulin lead to increase in glucose levels in blood, resulting in Diabetes mellitus.
Symptoms of Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus is often confused with Diabetes Insipidus, a rare condition, since both have very similar symptoms. It occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin or the cells of the body do not respond to the insulin produced, resulting in high blood sugar. People with diabetic ailments, commonly complain of the following symptoms of diabetes:
Frequent urination
Extreme thirst and hunger
Fatigue or unusual tiredness
Weight loss
Deep breathing
Nausea
Vomiting
Itchy skin
Sores that take time to heal
Abdominal pain
Blurred vision
Frequent skin, gum or vaginal yeast infections
Apart from those diabetes symptoms, skin rashes or diabetes dermadromes can also occur. Based on these symptoms, diabetes has been classified into mainly three types; Type 1, Type 2 and Gestational diabetes.
Diabetes Type 1
The Type 1 diabetes occurs when the pancreatic beta cells are lost and the body either stops producing insulin or produces too little of it. Around 10% of the total cases of diabetes in the United States comprise of type 1 diabetes. This typically affects children or adults and is otherwise called juvenile diabetes. It can occur in older people too due to the destruction of pancreas as a result of alcoholism or its removal by surgery. Type 1 diabetes patients require daily insulin intake for sustenance.
Diabetes Type 2
In Type 2 diabetes, even though the pancreas secretes insulin, the cells in the body are resistant to its effects. Thus, the insulin is partly or completely ignored. This condition is often termed as insulin resistance. During such a condition, the body tries to secrete more and more insulin mistaking there is lack of insulin in the body. Gradually the higher demands of insulin are not met and the pancreas struggles to produce more insulin, resulting in type 2 diabetes. Around 90% of the diabetic cases in the United States are Type 2.
During the initial stages, the patient experiences insulin sensitivity. At this stage, a variety of measures and medications can be taken to improve the insulin sensitivity or reduce the glucose production by the liver. As the disease advances, the insulin secretion fails and so, a therapeutic replacement of insulin may become inevitable in some patients.
Treatment for Diabetes
As symptoms of diabetes tend to show up much later than the condition occurs in your body, it is advisable to have your blood sugar levels diagnosed periodically.
Even if there are natural remedies that have been developed for the treatment for diabetes, insulin injections and implantable insulin pumps are the most sought out ones. Type 1 diabetes can be treated with exercise, insulin and a balanced diet. Type 2 diabetes is first treated with weight reduction, a diabetic diet and exercise. Weight reduction and exercising increases the body’s sensitivity to insulin, thus controlling blood sugar elevations.
When these methods fail to lower the blood sugar levels, oral medications are used. If oral diabetes medications are insufficient and do not help lower the glucose levels in blood, insulin treatment is used.
Diabetes Diet Plan
Eat about the same amount of food each day.
Eat at about the same times each day.
Take your medicines at the same times each day.
Exercise at the same times each day.
Every day, choose foods from these food groups: starches, vegetables, fruit, meat and meat substitutes, and milk and yogurt. How much of each depends on how many calories you need a day.
Limit the amounts of fats and sweets you eat each day.
Read more on Home Remedies for Diabetes and Home Remedies for Cough.
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